Page #
in 10e

Changes in the 11th Edition, usually on diferent pages from the 10th edition

586

Opening vignette about cost of prescription drugs removed. Replace with discussion of why health care reform was such a central issue in the 2008 presidential election, noting how much Americans spend on health care, that a high percentage of personal bankruptcies in the United States are due to health care costs, and that rising costs lead to fewer small businesses being able to offer coverage to their workers. It uses examples from real people to illustrate the scope and intensity of the problem and highlights the types of pre-existing conditions that lead to the denial of coverage, including acne, bunions, toenail fungus, and a four-month old infant in the 99th percentile for weight who was classified as "obese." It notes that the notion that only the wealthy or the healthy have access both to routine and life-saving medical care is at odds with modern understandings of the role of government while also highlighting the challenges of actually achieving consensus on reform, including the long-standing American aversion to "big government" (despite simultaneous support for government aid for those in need), figuring out how to control costs, determining which types of procedures should be covered, crafting a policy that garners enough votes in Congress to pass, and devising a way to pay for and implement these new programs. Opening photo depicts Rep. John Boehner sitting behind a huge stack of papers that comes up to his eyeballs &endash; the 2009 health care reform bill.

595

Figure 19.1, "Day of Reckoning," updated with new data. Caption updated to note that as of 2010, tax revenues alone were no longer sufficient to meet the cost of Social Security.

Last paragraph updated to note that 2010 marks the first time that there will be no automatic cost of living adjustments to Social Security payments since such adjustments were made part of the program in 1972 and that there will not be any adjustments in 2011 either, due to the Great Recession.

596

Section on Social Security Reform updated with failure of President Bush to enact his preferred reforms and with Obama's position on reform.

598

Figure 19.2, "The Feminization of Poverty," updated with new data.

600

Figure 19.3, "Families on Welfare," updated with new data.

601

Discussion of TANF notes that President Obama's economic stimulus plan (the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009) included a provision for an emergency fund of $5 billion to supplement the block grants in states that saw an increase in their assistance caseloads and expenditures due to the Great Recession.

New paragraph added to end of section on Welfare Reform discussing debates about how the 1996 reforms have fared during the Great Recession. Ends with The Great Recession was the most significant test of TANF's ability to meet demands of the needy; it is still too early to tell whether it passed or failed.

602

Section on access to health care shortened significantly.

603

Figure 19.4, "Poverty in the States," updated with new data.

Discussion on rise of HMOs deleted.

604

Compared with What? "Health Spending and its Possible Effects," updated with new data and now reflects life expectancy of all adults, not just females.

606

Last 1.5 paragraphs of section on Medicare deleted.

608

After section on Medicaid, new section titled "Health Care Reform" was added. It describes the legislative battles and compromises regarding the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act in 2010. It highlights the main features of the bill and describes some of the ongoing debates. It notes that the year-long legislative battle pit arguments about equality of access to care against arguments about freedom from government intervention. This new section has 6 paragraphs.

610

Politics of Global Change "Literacy Around the World," removed. Replaced with "Nations of Immigrants," a graph that shows the rate of immigration in 1998, 2002, and 2007 in 10 Western democracies. The discussion notes that some countries, such as Spain and Sweden, not only match the United States, but have also seen their percentage of foreign-born residents increase at much more dramatic rates than the United States has over the past 10 years. And it would perhaps be more appropriate to call Canada and Australia, two other countries with colonial ties to England, nations of immigrants than the United States. Australia's foreign-born population as a percentage of the total population is more than double that in the United States.

612

Section on immigration expanded to reflect recent debates about immigrants and their eligibility for social services.

613

Paragraph added to end of section on immigration discussing stance of Obama administration on immigration reform.